RESUMO
The volatility of the labor market resulting from globalization, rapid technology changes, economic competition, and the impact of events such as the Covid-2019 Pandemic, demand from vocational psychology a more refined understanding of the processes individuals face while dealing with those new challenges and opportunities, especially in uncertain contexts. Theories such as Planned Happenstance address constructs such as career flexibility, an essential skill to recognize, create and use chance events as career opportunities. Furthermore, when fortuitous events and uncertain contexts are considered for career development, it becomes relevant to understand how subjective time perspective evolves, that is how the life events and career goals are projected, accessed, valued, and organized. Given this context, the objectives of the present study are to adapt and validate a Portuguese version of the Career Flexibility Inventory and to explore the possible relationships between career flexibility, time perspective, and variables inherent to the educational context. The Portuguese version of the Career Flexibility Inventory, the Time Perspective Inventory and a sociodemographic form were answered by 1,380 students from Portuguese higher education institutions. The results indicated that the Portuguese version of the CFI has an adequate three-factor structure with good reliability indices. Some limitations regarding psychometric validity show the importance of further research to improve the measure. However, the findings contribute to theoretically and operationally deepening discussions on the multidimensionality of Career Flexibility. The results regarding the relationships between time perspective and career flexibility seem to be in line with the theoretical indicators of the variables and support the formulated hypotheses, specifically, that future orientation presents a positive correlation with active adaptation; a negative correlation with wavering, and wavering presents a positive correlation with the negative future orientation. The results partially support the hypothesis of differences on time perspective and career flexibility among students with different academic grade averages and from diverse scientific areas of study. Finally, the study advances a theoretical reflection on the different nature of career flexibility dimensions and contributes to broadening and promoting theoretical and operational discussions on the relationships between time perspective and career flexibility, which are still incipient.
RESUMO
Pacientes diagnosticados com esquizofrenia apresentam déficits variados e podem necessitar de cuidados e acompanhamento constantes. Entender os aspectos da funcionalidade desses pacientes torna-se essencial para compreender o transtorno de forma mais completa. Para isso, é necessário identificar as perspectivas conceituais de funcionalidade e verificar os instrumentos disponíveis para avaliar esse fenômeno. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa em artigos científicos nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Em relação às perspectivas conceituais, os resultados apontaram aspectos cognitivos e sintomas negativos enquanto variáveis preditoras da funcionalidade, e os aspectos constituintes do construto funcionalidade foram sintetizados em um modelo composto por dois domínios: objetivo e subjetivo. Foram encontrados 43 instrumentos utilizados para avaliar a funcionalidade em pacientes com esquizofrenia. Desses, 36 instrumentos, apesar de terem sido utilizados em pacientes com esquizofrenia, não eram específicos para esse contexto. Sugere-se que instrumentos sejam desenvolvidos e adaptados para o contexto dos pacientes com esquizofrenia levando em consideração o conhecimento e perspectivas conceituais já existentes na área. (AU)
Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia present varied deficits and may require constant care and company. Understanding the functional aspects of these patients becomes essential to understanding the disorder more fully. For this, the conceptual perspectives of functionality must be identified, and the instruments available to evaluate this phenomenon must be verified. An integrative review was conducted on scientific articles in Portuguese and English. Regarding the conceptual perspectives, the results pointed out cognitive aspects and negative symptoms as variables predicting functionality, and the constituent aspects of the construct functionality were synthesized in a model composed of two domains: objective and subjective. We found 43 instruments used to evaluate functionality in patients with schizophrenia. Of these, 36 instruments, although they were used in patients with schizophrenia, were not specific to this context. It is suggested that instruments be developed and adapted to the context of patients with schizophrenia taking into account the knowledge and conceptual perspectives already existing in the area. (AU)
Pacientes con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia presentan déficit variable y pueden requerir cuidado y acompañamiento constante. Es fundamental entender los aspectos de funcionalidad de esos pacientes para poder comprender el transtorno de esquizofrenia de forma más completa. Se necesitan identificar las perspectivas conceptuales de funcionalidad y verificar los instrumentos disponibles para evaluar ese fenómeno. Con este objetivo, fue realizada una revisión integrativa de artículos científicos en el idioma portugués e inglés. En cuanto a las perspectivas conceptuales, los resultados señalaron aspectos cognitivos y síntomas negativos, mientras que variables predictoras de la funcionalidad, y los aspectos que constituyen el constructo de funcionalidad, fueron sintetizados en un modelo compuesto por dos dominios: objetivo y subjetivo. Se encontraron 43 instrumentos utilizados para evaluar la funcionalidad en pacientes con esquizofrenia. Entre los instrumentos encontrados, 36 a pesar de haber sido utilizados en pacientes con esa enfermedad, no eran específicos para ese contexto. Se sugiere que los instrumentos deben desarrollarse y adaptarse al contexto de los pacientes con esquizofrenia teniendo en cuenta el conocimiento y las perspectivas conceptuales existentes en la literatura. (AU)
